中国共产党成立百年来教育方针的历史变迁与经验启示

Historical Changes and Experience of Educational Policy Since the Founding of the Communist Party of China

教育方针是国家教育工作的总纲领,在教育事业中具有统领性地位。中国共产党成立100年以来,教育方针也在党的领导下走过了百年历程。100年来,党的教育方针经历了1921~1949年新民主主义教育方针的萌芽与成型时期、1949~1978年社会主义教育方针的初步确立与曲折探索时期、1978~1995年社会主义教育方针的特色发展与正式确立时期、1995年至今社会主义教育方针的与时俱进与创新发展时期四个阶段的历史变迁。从教育方针的历史变迁中,总结出如下经验启示:教育方针的制定要始终坚定正确的政治方向、教育方针的完善要始终坚持与时俱进的指导思想、教育方针的检验要始终以人民满意度作为标尺。

Educational policy is the general program of national educational work, which has a leading position in the cause of education. Since the founding of the Communist Party of China 100 years ago, the educational policy has also gone through a hundred years under the leadership of the party. Over the past 100 years, the party’s education policy has experienced the germination and formation period of the new democratic education policy from 1921 to 1949, the initial establishment and tortuous exploration period of the socialist education policy from 1949 to 1978, the characteristic development and formal establishment period of the socialist education policy from 1978 to 1995. Since 1995, the socialist education policy has kept pace with the times and innovated, and the historical changes in the four stages of the development period. From the historical changes of educational policies, this paper summarizes the following experience and enlightenment: the formulation of educational policies should always adhere to the correct political direction, the improvement of educational policies should always adhere to the guiding ideology of keeping pace with the times, and the inspection of educational policies should always take people’s satisfaction as the yardstick.