违约精神损害赔偿的扩大解释论

Expanded Interpretation of Compensation for Mental Damage in Breach of Contract

违约精神损害赔偿是一个极具争议性的理论话题。我国《民法典》第996条确立了违约精神损害赔偿的合法地位,但该规定也存在保护客体范围不明确、精神损害赔偿请求权基础不明确等问题。在适用时,可以对“人格权”进行扩大解释。对损害具体人格权之外的精神利益采用法益保护的路径,同时对违约合同的性质加以限制。从而寻求守约方与违约方之间的利益衡平。

Compensation for mental damage in breach of contract is a highly controversial theoretical topic. Article 996 of The Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China establishes the legal status of compensation for mental damage in breach of contract, but the provision also has some problems, such as the scope of the object of protection is not clear, and the basis of the claim for spiritual damage is not clear. When applicable, we can expand the interpretation of “personality right”. For the spiritual interests beyond the specific personality right, the path of legal interest protection should be adopted, and the nature of the breach of contract should be limited, so as to seek the balance of interests between the observant party and the breaching party.