“恩往下流”家庭中孝德的发展困境与弘扬路径

The Development Dilemma and Promotion Path of Filial Piety in the Family with “En Wang Xia Liu”

孝德是中国传统道德的重要组成部分,是形塑中国家庭关系、促进家庭和谐稳定的道德规范。但在古代家庭关系中孝德的观念模式被“无违”贯穿,长者有要求晚辈绝对服从的权力和晚辈有无条件孝顺长者的义务;同时,其中包含的天然亲情和孝亲责任又对中国当代家庭的发展发挥积极作用。然而,当代中国家庭呈现出“恩往下流”的代际关系下移趋势,父权制主导下大家长的权威不再,传统孝德在“恩往下流”家庭中的发展面临重重困难。只有洞察其具体困难,并从困难夹缝中探寻新生的时代契机,将其与马克思主义相结合,重新阐释孝德的内容并将新孝德通过实践路径传承发扬,才能永葆中国孝德文化的生命力。

Filial piety is an important part of traditional Chinese morality, and it is a moral code that shapes Chinese family relationships and promotes family harmony and stability. However, in the ancient family relationship, the concept of filial piety was permeated by “no violation”. The elders required the younger generation to obey absolutely and the younger generation had to fulfill the unconditional filial piety responsibility to the elder;play an active role in the development of contemporary Chinese families. However, contemporary Chinese families show a downward trend in the intergenerational relationship of “graciousness goes down”. The authority of the patriarch is no longer dominated by the patriarchal system. The development of traditional filial piety in families with “graciousness goes down” faces many difficulties. Only by having insight into its specific difficulties, exploring the opportunities of the new era from the gaps in the difficulties, combining it with Marxism, reinterpreting the content of filial piety and inheriting and carrying forward the new filial piety through practical paths, can the Chinese culture of filial piety be preserved forever.