大学新生成人依恋与孤独感的关系——性别的调节作用

Relationship between Adult Attachment and Loneliness of College Freshmen—The Moderating Effect of Gender

研究目的:研究大学新生孤独感的特点,以及在该群体中孤独感与依恋的关系。研究方法:使用孤独感量表和成人依恋量表作为研究工具,通过问卷星在网络上发放问卷,共回收124份大学新生的数据。结果:①不同依恋类型的大学新生孤独感有显著差异(F = 13.63 , p < 0.001),安全依恋者孤独感水平最低;②孤独感水平与成人依恋的三个因子的相关关系显著。③回归分析结果显示,依恋依赖和依恋亲近能够负向地预测孤独感(β = −0.89;β = −0.31),依恋焦虑能够正向地预测孤独感(β = 0.34)。④分层回归结果表明,性别对依恋焦虑和孤独感的关系起调节作用。结论:大学新生更容易受到孤独感这一负性情绪的影响,安全的依恋类型可以帮助该群体降低孤独感,性别可以调节依恋焦虑对孤独感的影响程度。

Objective: To study the characteristics of loneliness and the relationship between loneliness and attachment of college freshmen. Methods: 124 college freshmen were surveyed by the loneliness scale (UCLA) and the adult attachment scale (AAS). Results: ① The loneliness of freshmen with different attachment types is significantly different (F = 13.63, p < 0.001), and those with secure attachment have the lowest loneliness level;② The correlation between loneliness level and the three factors of adult attachment is significant;③ The results of regression analysis show that attachment dependence and attachment closeness can negatively predict loneliness (β = −0.89;β = −0.31), while attachment anxiety can positively predict loneliness (β = 0.34). ④ Stratified regression results showed that gender moderated the relationship between attachment anxiety and loneliness. Conclusion: College freshmen are more susceptible to the negative emotion of loneliness, and secure attachment style can help reduce loneliness in this group, gender can modulate the degree to which attachment anxiety affects loneliness.