特质乐观的认知偏差和神经基础

Cognitive Biases and Neural Basis of Trait Optimism

特质乐观是指对未来积极事件发生的一般期望,具有跨情境和跨时间的一致性。特质乐观作为一种稳定的人格特质,大量调查以及实验研究证明与个体的心理和生理健康之间存在显著的联系,并且有比较系统完整的理论系统。但是对于特质乐观的认知特点以及神经基础还没有一个一致的解释,不同的研究方法以及状态可能会有不同的脑区结果。本文就主要通过论述探究特质乐观认知和神经基础的相关文献,试图归纳出特质乐观的认知偏差特点和神经基础。

Trait optimism refers to the general expectation of future positive events, which is consistent across context and time. As a stable personality trait, a large number of surveys and experimental studies have proved that there is a significant relationship between trait optimism and individual mental and physical health, and there is a relatively systematic and complete theoretical system. However, there is no consistent explanation for the cognitive characteristics and neural basis of trait optimism, and different research methods and states may have different results. The current study attempts to summarize the cognitive characteristics and neural basis of trait optimism by discussing the relevant literature on trait optimism cognition and neural basis.