中国现行北极法律与政策研究

The Study on China’s Current Arctic Law and Policy

中国参与北极事务的法律依据包括国际国内两个层面。一方面,中国在国际上积极参与北极法律体系的构建,不断推动北极治理机制的完善;另一方面,国内的北极立法进程已经起步,但相对不断丰富的北极活动而言稍显滞后。2018年出台的《中国北极政策白皮书》既阐明了中国在北极问题上的立场,也提出了具有中国特色的北极政策。同时,北极地缘冲突不断加剧,北极地区呈现出新态势。作为北极利益攸关方的中国应秉持“尊重、合作、共赢、可持续”的基本原则,立足本国,以政策促法律,加快北极问题的法治建设,积极应对北极变化带来的挑战,为北极地区的和平发展做出贡献。

The legal basis for China’s involvement in Arctic affairs includes both international and domestic aspects. On the one hand, China has been actively involved in the construction of the Arctic inter-national legal system and has continued to promote the improvement of the Arctic governance mechanism;on the other hand, the domestic Arctic legislative process has taken off, but is lagging behind in comparison to the ever-rich Arctic activities. China’s Arctic Policy issued in 2018 not only expounds China’s position on the Arctic affairs, but also puts forward an Arctic policy with Chinese characteristics. At the same time, the geopolitical conflict in the Arctic is intensifying, and the Arctic region presents a new situation. As an Arctic stake-holder, China should uphold the basic principles of “respect, cooperation, win-win result and sustainability”, base itself on its own country, promote law through policy, accelerate the construction of the rule of law on Arctic issues, actively respond to the challenges posed by the changes in the Arctic, and contribute to the peaceful development of the Arctic region.