马克思对机器资本主义应用的批判及当代价值

Marx’s Critique of the Application of Machine Capitalism and Its Contemporary Value

马克思以二重分析方法对18世纪最先进的科学成果机器及其资本主义应用的产生、过程进行了分析阐释。机器造成的系列异化现象根源在于资本主义的应用,不断革新的机器体系成为资本增殖和资本统治的核心力量。马克思辩证地看待机器应用后果并对机器资本主义应用进行深入批判。一方面就机器本身而言具有人类解放自身的力量,推进经济、自然、文明发展,另一方面,资本逻辑下的机器作为资本控制社会的新力量背离了机器本质。马克思的思想对我们正确树立机器观和科技观、充分发挥科技解放力量提供了理论根据和方法指南,为我国谱写中国式现代化新篇章提供了宝贵经验启示。

Marx analyzes and explains the production and process of the most advanced scientific achieve-ment of the 18th century, the machine and its capitalist application by means of a dual analysis. The series of alienations caused by the machine had their roots in capitalist applications, and the ever-innovating machine system became the central force of capital proliferation and capital domination. Marx takes a dialectical view of the consequences of the application of machines and provides an in-depth critique of their capitalist application. On the one hand, the machine itself has the power to liberate mankind from itself and to advance economic, natural and civilisational development;on the other hand, the machine under the logic of capital as the new power of capital to control society deviates from the essence of the machine. Marx’s ideas provide a theoretical basis and methodological guide for us to correctly establish a view of machines and science and technology and to give full play to the liberating power of science and technology, and provide valuable inspiration for China to write a new chapter of Chinese-style modernisation.