社会网络视角下少数民族流动人口主体特征及其影响因素

The Main Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Ethnic Minority Floating Population from the Perspective of Social Networks

基于2016年和2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据构建中国少数民族省际人口流动网络,分析网络复杂特征,并依据网络分析的结果指出各社区流动主体的相关特征。研究结果表明,传统的地缘、亲缘网络是我国少数民族人口流动网络形成的主要原因。对于不同的中心省份,浙江省和广东省因其工业劳动力需求吸引了大量流动人口;河北省接收着来自全国各地的流动人口,同时有大量流出人口去往北京市;贵州省、辽宁省以及甘肃省等因经济发展相对滞后,大量劳动力选择去往相邻省份。各地区少数民族流动人口的年龄、流动时间和受教育程度三个特征区别明显,同时发现受教育程度对收支情况的影响显著大于流动时间和年龄。

Based on the dynamic monitoring survey data of China’s floating population in 2016 and 2017, we constructed an inter provincial population mobility network for ethnic minorities in China, analyzed the complex characteristics of the network, and pointed out the relevant characteristics of various community mobility entities based on the results of network analysis. The research results indicate that traditional geographical and kinship networks are the main reasons for the formation of the mobility network of ethnic minority populations in China. For different central provinces, Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces have attracted a large number of migrant workers due to their industrial labor demand;Hebei Province is receiving mobile populations from all over the country, while a large number of people are flowing out to Beijing;Guizhou Province, Liaoning Province, and Gansu Province, among others, have chosen to relocate a large number of laborers to neighboring provinces due to their relatively lagging economic development. There are significant differences in the age, duration, and education level of ethnic minority migrant populations in different regions, and it was found that the impact of education level on income and expenditure is significantly greater than that of duration and age.