教师职业压力的问题现状及应对策略

The Current Situation and Coping Strategies of Teachers’ Professional Pressure

教师职业压力是教师在学校工作过程中,在周围事物的持续影响下,因自身能力与可利用的外在资源不能适应工作要求时所产生的身心及行为的适应性反应。目前的研究情况表明,教师承受的职业压力总体水平较高,且过重的职业压力不仅会影响教师自身的心理和生理健康,降低教学效果和影响自身发展,还会对学生的学习及健康成长造成不利影响。教师职业压力问题引起了国外众多研究者的关注,而国内的相关研究还不够丰富。研究教师职业压力的机制,以及采取有效的减轻措施,对于改善教育环境和提升教师素质至关重要。教师职业压力的应对策略上,应从加强教师的心理健康教育,打造科学合理的管理评价体系,以及营造良好的社会支持环境等各个方向着手。

Teachers’ professional pressure is the adaptive response of physical, mental and behavioural reactions produced by teachers in the process of school work, under the continuous influence of things around, because their own abilities and available external resources cannot adapt to the work requirements. From the perspective of reality, the overall level of teachers’ professional pressure is high, and the excessive professional pressure on teachers will not only affect their own psychological and physical health, affect the quality of teaching and their own development, but also adversely affect the learning and healthy growth of students. The issue of professional pressure on teachers has attracted the attention of many foreign researchers and the relevant research in China is not rich enough. It is of great practical significance to study the professional pressure of teachers and seek effective mitigation measures. In terms of the response strategy of teachers’ professional pressure, we should start from strengthening teachers’ mental health education, creating a scientific and reasonable management evaluation system, and creating a good social support environment.