秦朝开发“河南地”相关问题考述

A Study on the Issues Related to the Development of “Henan Area” in the Qin Dynasty

公元前221年,秦王嬴政统一六国,建立秦王朝,称始皇帝。兴起自“河南地”的匈奴在北方草原开始崭露头角,成为较大的北方民族,在其首领头曼单于带领下南下侵扰秦朝边郡。匈奴头曼单于频繁率众南下扰边,威胁秦王朝对北部边郡的统治,另秦始皇迷信“亡秦者胡”之谶,便于秦始皇三十二年(前215)遣大将蒙恬率众北击匈奴,尽收“河南地”,将该区域纳入秦王朝统治之下,派遣谪戍建设开发建设,修建长城和秦直道。开启了大一统王朝对“河南地”治理建设的先河,同时亦是拉开了胡汉在“河南地”交流的序幕。

In 221 BC, King Ying Zheng of Qin unified the six states and established the Qin Dynasty, known as the First Emperor. The northern grasslands were where the Xiongnu began to emerge and become the larger northern ethnic group. In 215 BC (the 32nd year of Emperor Qin Shi Huang), the Xiongnu’s leader, Manchanyu, led his troops south to harass the border, posing a threat to the northern edge of the Qin Dynasty. The superstitious First Emperor, who believed in the prophecy of “the person who killed Qin, Hu”, sent General Meng Tian to lead his troops north to attack the Xiongnu and collect all the “Henan area”. He was exiled to build and develop the area, marking the beginning of the exchange between Hu and Han in the “Henan area” under the unified dynasty.