儒家与道家社会治理思想比较分析及启示

Comparative Analysis and Implications of Social Governance Thought between Confucianism and Taoism

儒家与道家思想是中华五千年传统文化的瑰宝,其中蕴含着关于社会治理方面的思想,具有经世致用的特性。儒家治国理政思想主要表现为:将“德治”作为治理社会的基本思路,视“仁治”为安邦治国的重要法宝,尊“礼治”为教化民众的具体方法。道家则是推崇“无为而治”,认为“民本思想”是治国安民的首要原则,道家代表人物老子提出“非战”思想维护社会安定。两种不同的社会治理思想历久弥新,各放异彩,对于当下我国推进社会治理现代化具有一定的启示。

Confucianism and Taoism are the treasures of China’s five thousand years of traditional culture, which contains thoughts on social governance, with the characteristics of practical application. Confucian governance thoughts are mainly manifested as follows: “rule by virtue” is regarded as the basic idea of governing society, “rule by benevolence” is regarded as an important magic weapon of governing the country of Anbang, and “rule by courtesy” is respected as the concrete method of educating the public. Taoism advocates “governing without doing anything” and believes that “people-based thought” is the first principle of governing the country and ensuring people’s security. Lao Zi, the representative figure of Taoism, put forward the thought of “non-war” to maintain social stability. The two different ideas of social governance have lasted for a long time and each of them has its own color, which has certain inspiration for promoting the modernization of social governance in China nowadays.