性别视角下基层权力分配差异的影响因素研究

Research on the Influencing Factors of the Differences in the Distribution of Grass-Roots Power from the Perspective of Gender

在基层公共事务管理和决策领域中,男性和女性的参与水平仍然具有突出差距。国家强调要促进妇女的高质量发展,并具体指出基层管理与决策领域中妇女成员应提高的比例。然而,根据《中国妇女发展纲要》中的内容,可知城市居委会中妇女比例与男性几乎持平,而农村村委会中妇女比例远远低于男性,基层权力的性别分配在城乡之间呈现显著差异。这些差异对于实现男女平等和促进基层治理现代化具有不利影响。因此,本文将通过梳理前人的研究成果,从城市和乡村两性差异比较的角度出发,再结合性别差异的理论视角,来考察和讨论城乡基层管理与决策领域中的权力分配的性别差异情况和影响因素。

Nowadays, there is a highlight gap between the levels of political participation of men and women in the area of grass-roots area administration. The government has already emphasized the urge needs of promoting the high-quality development of women, and has released specific numbers of the proportions of women in the area of grass-roots area administration. However, according to some of the concrete contents in the Outline for Women’s Development in China, it can be found out that the concrete proportions of women members and leaders in urban area is almost as same as men, while the situation is very different in rural area where has less women members and leaders than men. Thus, there is a significant difference of gender distribution of grass-roots power between urban and rural areas. This kind of differences will have negative impacts on achieving gender equality and promoting the modernization of grass-roots governance. Therefore, this paper will examine and discuss the gender differences in the distribution of grass-roots power between urban and rural areas and the factors affecting them from the perspective of gender differences between urban and rural areas, with comparing different theoretical perspectives of gender differences and combing the research results of previous researchers.