广西壮族蛙婆节艺术文化探究

Exploration of the Art and Culture of the Guangxi Zhuang Frog Festival

在广西壮族地区流传着祭祀青蛙(壮族称为蚂拐)的盛典——蛙婆节,以祈求当地部族风调雨顺、多子多福。“蛙婆”是吉祥的象征,是母神的化身,在壮族文化中具有非常崇高地位,该节日主要包括请蛙婆、祭蛙婆、游蛙婆、葬蛙婆四个环节。但随着现代科技水平的提高和生育观念的转变,壮族人民靠天吃饭的局面早已被打破,多子多福的生育观念也逐渐淡化,导致壮族人民对蛙婆的崇拜逐渐降低,以往长达月余的盛会现如今多数地区已经缩短至数天甚至是取消了这个节日。作为国家级非物质文化遗产的蛙婆节,其文化内涵和寓意是美好的,但传统的庆祝方式早已不合时宜,应当将蛙婆节与时代精神、大众审美相结合,使其在新时代焕发生机与活力。

In the Zhuang area of Guangxi, there is a grand ceremony to worship frogs (known as ants and crutches in the Zhuang people)—the Frog Festival, in order to pray for good weather and good fortune for the local tribes. “Frog woman” is a symbol of auspiciousness, the embodiment of the mother goddess, and has a very high status in Zhuang culture. The festival mainly includes four links: inviting frog woman, sacrificing frog woman, traveling frog woman, and burying frog woman. However, with the improvement of the level of modern science and technology and the change of the concept of childbirth, the situation of the Zhuang people relying on the sky for food has long been broken, and the concept of fertility with more children and more blessings has gradually faded, resulting in the worship of the frog woman by the Zhuang people gradually decreased, and the grand event that lasted for more than a month in the past has now been shortened to a few days or even canceled in most areas. As a national intangible cultural heritage, the Frog Festival has a beautiful cultural connotation and meaning, but the traditional way of celebration has long been out of date, and the Frog Festival should be combined with the spirit of the times and the public aesthetics to make it full of vitality and vitality in the new era.