感觉加工敏感性的研究综述

A Review of Research on Sensory Processing Sensitivity

感觉加工敏感性是指个体对信息的处理更为深入、情绪反应性高、富有同理心、对环境的细微之处意识更强,以及容易受到过度刺激。作为一种稳定的人格特质,以往研究发现了其作为环境敏感标志物的证据,它可能是独立于其他环境敏感特征的一种结构,也发现其与许多积极和消极发展结果的关联,说明它既具有消极的一面,也具有可塑性。根据以往神经影像学的研究,验证了感觉加工敏感性的部分消极特性,但其神经基础尚不清楚。未来的工作可能会进一步探索感觉加工敏感性是否是一种更基础的环境敏感特征,同时进一步扩大样本范围,为高敏感个体制订个性化的干预措施,而对于感觉加工敏感性的神经基础,则可能侧重于从静息态的角度去进一步探索各个脑网络之间的关联。

Sensory processing sensitivity refers to individuals’ deeper processing of information, high emotional reactivity, empathy, greater awareness of environmental subtleties, and susceptibility to overstimulation. As a stable personality trait, previous research has found evidence for its use as a marker of environmental sensitivity, which may be a construct independent of other environmental sensitivity traits, as well as associations with many positive and negative developmental outcomes, suggesting that it is both negative and malleable. Based on previous neuroimaging studies, some of the negative properties of sensory processing sensitivity were verified, but the neural basis for this is unclear. Future work may further explore whether sensory processing sensitivity is a more fundamental environmental sensitivity trait, while further expanding the sample to develop individualized interventions for highly sensitive individuals, and for the neural basis of sensory processing sensitivity, it may focus on further exploring the associations between various brain networks from a resting-state perspective.