社会支持视角下农村进城务工妇女市民化就业发展研究

Research on the Development of Urbanization Employment of Rural Migrant Women from the Perspective of Social Support

农村进城务工妇女市民化就业是促进其城市融入的重要举措,也是推动农民工家庭化迁移的重要抓手。文章以社会支持理论为研究视角,探讨社会工作专业介入农村进城务工妇女市民化就业发展方面的可行路径。通过文献研究、深度访谈和问卷结合的方法,了解到社区内进城务工妇女就业困境有社区关注度不够和农村妇女自身认识度不够两个层面的原因。文章提出了依据社会支持理论解决农村进城务工妇女市民化就业的解释性框架,通过妇联和社区联动、增强企业的责任感、增进社区的保障性和接纳度等方式促进农村进城务工妇女市民化就业。

The urbanization of rural migrant women is an important measure to promote their urban integration, and it is also an important starting point to promote the family-based migration of migrant workers. From the perspective of social support theory, this paper explores the feasible ways for the social work profession to intervene in the development of rural migrant women’s employment. Through a combination of literature research, in-depth interviews and questionnaires, we learned that there are two reasons for the employment plight of urban migrant women in the community: insufficient community attention and insufficient awareness of rural women. This paper proposes an explanatory framework based on the theory of social support to solve the problem of rural migrant women in urban areas and promote the urbanization employment of rural migrant women through the linkage between women’s federations and communities, enhancing the sense of responsibility of enterprises, and enhancing the security and acceptance of communities.