论乡村女童的童年家庭教育力——基于埃里克森社会心理发展理论的实践探索

On the Childhood Family Education Power of Rural Girls—A Practical Exploration Based on Erikson’s Social Psychological Development Theory

家庭教育是国民教育体系的重要组成部分,是社会和学校教育的基础,对儿童心理发展至关重要。美国精神分析学家埃里克森的社会心理发展理论所关注的正是正常个体从婴儿期到成人晚期这一过程中每个阶段心理发展的特点和规律。由此,该理论可以较好地为童年期家庭教育提供基本遵循。本文将从适用于童年期家庭教育的埃里克森社会心理发展理论出发,追溯乡村女童童年期家庭教育力,提出要建立基本信任感,保持情感交流与支持;关注女童身心健康,适度鼓励与约束;依托家、校、社协同育人,加强教育定向帮扶;保持家庭教育一致性,帮助儿童树立自我。从而改善女童被忽视的现状,提升全民人口素质。

Family education is an important part of the national education system, the foundation of social and school education, which is crucial to children’s psychological development. American psychoanalyst Erikson’s theory of social psychological development focuses on the characteristics and rules of psychological development of normal individuals at each stage from infancy to late adulthood. Therefore, this theory can provide basic compliance for family education in childhood. Starting from Erikson’s social psychological development theory, which is applicable to childhood family education, this paper will trace the power of childhood family education for rural girls, and propose the establishment of a basic sense of trust and the maintenance of emotional exchanges and support;concern for girls’ physical and mental health, and moderate encouragement and discipline;strengthen education and targeted assistance by relying on the collaborative education of home, school and society;and maintain the consistency of family education to help children to build up their own selves. This will improve the neglect of girls and enhance the quality of the population.