边疆治理:清代榆林旧疆职官设置考察

Frontier Governance: Research on the Setting of Old Frontier Officials in Yulin in the Qing Dynasty

榆林地区作为明代旧疆,清朝大一统国家建立以后,通过调整上层建筑逐渐实现了边疆“内地化”。职官设置是上层建筑的重要内容,它包括“职”和“官”两部分,一方面是作为管理机关的“职”的裁汰与改革,另一方面则是作为管理人员“官”的选拔与任用。通过对清代榆林地区职官设置的考察,管窥清廷实现榆林旧疆“内地化”的边疆治理措施,并探索其一般原则包括:华夷一统、区域主义和因时而治,有利于从历史时期民族交错地带的治理策略中吸取经验,促进民族交往交流交融,推动边疆地区日益成为统一多民族中国的有机组成部分。As the old frontier of the Ming Dynasty, after the establishment of the unified country of the Qing Dynasty, the Yulin area gradually realized the “inlandization” of the frontier by adjusting the superstructure. The establishment of posts and officials is an important part of the superstructure, which includes two parts: “posts” and “officials”;on the one hand, they are the elimination and reform of the “posts” as management organs, and on the other hand, they are the selection and appointment of “officials” as managers. Through the research on the establishment of posts and officials in Yulin in the Qing Dynasty, the Qing court’s measures to realize the “inlandization” of Yulin’s old frontier were recognized, and its general principles including the unification of Huayi, regionalism, and governance according to the time were explored, which was conducive to learning from the governance strategies of the ethnic interlaced zone in the historical period, promoting exchanges, interactions and minglings among different ethnic groups., forging the community of the Chinese nation, and promoting the border areas to increasingly become an integral part of a unified multi-ethnic China.