“双碳”目标下第三方核查机构法律责任规制研究

A Study on the Legal Liability Regulation of Third-Party Verification Agencies under the “Dual Carbon” Goals

碳排放数据的真实性及准确性影响了碳交易市场的稳定。然而当前核查机构存在准入制度标准不统一、法律责任规定不清及监管体系缺位等困境,影响了核查结果的公信力和碳交易市场的透明度。本文揭示了这些问题对碳交易市场公正性与透明度的制约,从政策法规与行业自律的维度,探寻了完善核查机制、强化法律约束的可行路径。为完善核查机构的法律责任,提出明确准入制度、厘清责任边界及建立监管体系等对策建议,旨在提升核查机构的专业性和规范性,保障碳交易市场的公正性和有效性,推动我国“双碳”目标的实现。The authenticity and accuracy of carbon emission data impact the stability of the carbon trading market. However, the current verification agencies face dilemmas such as inconsistent standards for access systems, unclear legal liability regulations, and the absence of a regulatory system, which undermine the credibility of verification results and the transparency of the carbon trading market. This paper reveals how these issues constrain the fairness and transparency of the carbon trading market. Furthermore, it explores feasible paths to improve the verification mechanism and strengthen legal constraints from the perspectives of policies, regulations, and industry self-discipline. To improve the legal liability of verification agencies, countermeasures and suggestions such as clarifying access systems, defining responsibility boundaries, and establishing a regulatory system are proposed. These measures aim to enhance the professionalism and standardization of verification agencies, ensure the fairness and effectiveness of the carbon trading market, and promote the realization of China’s “dual carbon” goals.