上海市汉口小区旧里改造的网络困囿与优化路径——基于行动者网络理论视角

The Network Dilemma and Optimization Path of the Reconstruction of Old Neighborhoods in Hankou Apartment Community of Shanghai—From the Perspective of Actor Network Theory

老旧小区改造是城市有机更新的重要组成部分。以上海市黄浦区汉口小区为切入点,基于行动者网络理论,探析该小区旧改合作网络的生成逻辑,展现黄浦区利用零距离家园平台推动拆除违建以及美丽家园建设的经验,发现汉口小区旧改存在考核激励机制缺位、小区居民参与有限、街头官僚权小责大以及依赖上级高位推动等方面的问题。鉴于此,提出系统规划旧改全局以完善考核激励机制,拓展居民参与深度以提升基层自治能力,合理分配主体权责以推动基层赋权扩能,以及健全协同长效机制以巩固旧改治理成果等对策建议,从而寻求老旧小区改造的治理之道。The reconstruction of old residential areas is an important part of urban organic renewal. Based on the actor network theory, this paper analyzes the generation logic of the old renovation cooperation network of Hankou apartment community in Huangpu District, Shanghai, and presents the experience of Huangpu District in using the zero-distance home platform to promote the demolition of illegal construction and the construction of beautiful homes. It is found that there are some problems in the old reform of Hankou apartment community, such as lack of evaluation and incentive mechanism, limited participation of residents, little power and big responsibility of street bureaucrats, and relying on the promotion of superiors. In view of this, the paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions such as systematic planning of the old reform to improve the assessment and incentive mechanism, expanding the depth of residents’ participation to enhance the self-governance ability of the grassroots, rationally allocating the rights and responsibilities of the main body to promote the empowerment and expansion of the grassroots, and improving the collaborative long-term mechanism to consolidate the governance results of the old reform, so as to seek the governance way of the old community transformation.