植物细胞融合及应用概述

The Summary of Plant Cell Fusion and Its Application

植物细胞融合已成为植物改良中的重要技术工具。这项技术使得研究者能部分地或全部地结合不同栽培型、不同种、甚至不同属的植物细胞,培养出新型的遗传组合体,包括对称的四倍体体细胞杂合体、非对称的体细胞杂合体或体细胞胞质杂合体。通过克服传统杂交育种中性的不亲合性、多倍性以及雄性不育或雌性不育等难题,植物细胞融合能大大促进植物基因转移和育种的速度。本文简短地总结了植物细胞融合技术及其应用。

Plant cell fusion has become an important tool in plant improvement. Plant cell fusion allows researchers to combine somatic cells (partial or whole) from different cultivars, species or genera to generate novel genetic combinations including symmetric allotetraploid somatic hybrids, asymmetric somatic hybrids or somatic cybrids. Through bypassing problems sometimes associated with conventional sexual crossing, including sexual incompatibility, polyembryony and male or female sterility, the plant cell fusion can greatly facilitate the process of gene transfer or breeding. This short review summarizes the plant cell fusion and its application.