上海市8条建成绿道植物资源配置及观赏特性研究

Study on Disposition and Ornamental Characteristic of Plants in 8 Greenways in Shanghai

通过对上海市8条建成绿道植物资源配置及观赏特性研究发现:共包括植物资源66科196种,按照不同生活型所包含的数量由高到低依次为灌木>乔木>草本>藤本>竹类;包括乡土植物资源79种,占植物总数的40%,应用比例有所提高,但仍呈现外来物种占主导的局势;绿道植物资源的丰富度较高,但物种多样性和优势度较低;绿道植物资源中观花植物种类所占比例较高,观叶和观果植物均有配置,绿道景观四时可观,但观赏色系集中为黄色、红色和白色,不同绿道景观雷同,不能体现地域特色。未来应该注重乡土植物资源在城市绿化建设中的开发和应用;资源配置中充分考虑植物群落物种多样性、优势度等群落特征,营建能自我更新的健康群落;更应基于乡土观叶、观花和观果植物开发观赏特性多样的优质新品种,提高城市植物群落的景观多样性。

An investigation was carried out on disposition and ornamental characteristics of plants in 8 green ways in Shanghai. Main results for this study are as follows: 196 plant species attached to 66 families are found in the 8 green ways. Quantity of different biotypes lying from more to less in order is shrub, arbor, herbaceous, vine and bamboo. 79 native plant species are found in the study which account for forty percent of the total, but still the alien species are predominant. The green ways are rich in species richness, but poor in diversity and dominance. Adequate consideration is carried out on ornamental characteristics of the plants, including flowering, leaf coloring and ap-preciate fruit. There into, the flowering plants occupy a higher proportion. Durative landscape lasts four seasons a year, wherever the colors mainly concentrate on yellow, red and white. What’s more, the landscape is similar among different greenways, even different regions, without any regional features. Gradually, the importance of the native plants in urban greening should be emphasized. The diversity and dominance of the plans should be considered enough for the construction of the self-renewal community. Meanwhile, new quality varieties with ornamental leaves, flowers or fruits must be exploited based on the native plants to promote the diversity of the plant community.