玛曲退化草地高山柳扦插优化繁育技术研究

Study on the Optimum Breeding Technology of Salix oritrepha in Maqu Alpine Degraded Grassland

高山柳(Salix oritrepha)是高寒灌丛优势种和建群种的主要类型之一,在高寒区退化草地的生态恢复中起着重要作用。本研究通过开展不同类型的扦插育苗试验,筛选出适宜于高山柳的最优化繁殖技术。结果显示:不同扦插部位、扦插长度、扦插直径和培育环境对高山柳扦插生根率及生长发育产生显著的影响,其中长度为20 cm、直径为1.0 cm^1.5 cm的硬枝插条在温室盆栽扦插、温室作垅扦插和大田作垅覆膜扦插表现出较好的生根和生长特性,是高山柳最优化的繁育方法,能够广泛应用于玛曲高寒退化草地的生态治理中,具有良好的推广应用前景。

Salix oritrepha is one of the dominant and constructive shrub species which plays an important role in ecological restoration of Maqu alpine degraded grassland. In this study, the different types of cutting reproduction experiments were carried out to screen out the optimum reproduction technology for Salix oritrepha. The results showed that the different cutting positions, cutting length, cutting diameter and cultivation environments have significant effects on rooting rate and growth of Salix oritrepha. The hardwood cuttings with length of 20 cm and diameter of 1.0 - 1.5 cm have better rooting and growth characteristics in greenhouse potted cuttings, greenhouse cuttings by ridging and covered with plastic membrane in field by ridging which are the optimal breeding methods for Salix oritrepha. This cutting method has good application prospects and can be widely applied in the ecological management of Maqu Alpine degraded grassland.