植物光系统的结构与功能

Structure and Function of Plant Light System

通过将光能转化为化学能并产生分子氧和消耗二氧化碳,光合作用氧合成对于地球生命的发展和维持是必不可少的。后一个过程负责将二氧化碳从原始大气中的极高水平降低到目前的低水平,从而将全球温度降低到有利于生命发展的水平。光系统I和光系统II是两种多蛋白复合物,其含有收获光子所必需的颜料,并利用光能催化产生高能化合物的主要光合作用的反应。两种光系统都是由核心复合物组成的高度有组织的膜超复合物,包含启动电子传递的反应中心,以及对于光捕获和光合作用活动调节很重要的外围天线系统。一方面两个光系统催化的化学反应和它们的详细结构都不同,另一方面它们有许多相似之处。在本综述中,我们对光系统I和光系统II的结构和功能进行详细的归纳和描述。

Photosynthetic oxygen synthesis is essential for the development and maintenance of life on Earth by converting light energy into chemical energy and producing molecular oxygen and carbon dioxide.The latter process is responsible for reducing carbon dioxide from extremely high levels in the original atmosphere to current low levels,thereby reducing global temperatures to levels conducive to life.Photosystem I and Photosystem II are two multiprotein complexes that contain the pigments necessary to harvest photons and utilize photo energetic catalysis to produce the main photosynthesis reactions of high energy compounds.Both photosystems are highly organized membrane super complexes composed of core complexes,including reaction centers that initiate electron transport,and peripheral antenna systems that are important for light harvesting and photosynthesis activity regulation.On the one hand,the two photosystems catalyze chemical reactions and their detailed structures are different;on the other hand they have many similarities.In this review,we present and describe in detail the structure and function of Photosystem I and Photosystem II.