自然与瓶插状态荷花(Nelumbo)花朵的生理生化比较分析

The Physiological and Biochemical Changes of Lotus (Nelumbo) Flowers in Natural State and Vase

鲜切荷花的开发利用在国内具有很大的市场潜力,为了了解荷花切花在自然与瓶插状态下的生理生化差异,以荷花品种“中山红台”的花朵为材料,观测其形态变化,分析花被片的丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白及酶活性等指标。结果表明,随着花朵开放,可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖整体呈下降趋势,而丙二醛含量则与衰老程度呈正相关,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)在瓶插初期上升后期下降,过氧化物酶(POD)变化幅度较大。由此推测,切花体内抗氧化酶活性减弱及清除平衡的打破,细胞膜透性增强所导致的膜脂过氧化作用可能是荷花切花衰老的主要原因。

The fresh cut flower of lotus (Nelumbo) has a big potential in Chinese flower market. In order to understand the physiological and biochemical differences of lotus flowers under the natural and vase conditions. Nelumbo nucifera “Zhongshan Hongtai” with its morphological changes observed was investigated on the physiological indices including malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble protein, soluble sugar, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and etc. The results showed that the contents of soluble protein and sugar in lotus petals presented an overall decline trend while blooming. Whereas, MDA content positively correlated to the aging degree, while SOD and CAT contents rose at the initial stage in vase and declined at the later stage. The variation of POD contents is relatively larger. Thus, the main senescence reason of the cut-flower withering was possibly the peroxidation of membrane lipid caused by the decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes breaking the clearing balance and the increased cell membrane permeability.