红千层与串钱柳叶片结构的比较研究

Comparative Study on Structure of Leaves of Callistemon rigidus and C. viminalis

本研究利用石蜡切片法对红千层叶片和串钱柳叶片进行解剖学观察,旨在更好地应用这两种植物,观察结果表明:这两种植物叶片均为等面叶,具有栅栏组织和海绵组织;叶脉分为四级,主脉为外韧无限维管束,三级脉、四级脉的维管束鞘明显;具有裂生型分泌腔。分泌腔的形成过程经历了:原始细胞阶段、分泌腔形成阶段和分泌腔成熟阶段三个阶段。红千层表皮的角质层更发达;主脉、二级脉维管束周围的厚壁细胞丰富;分泌腔外围有一层鞘细胞,分泌腔体积大、嵌入海绵组织的部分较多。串钱柳幼嫩叶片具有表皮毛结构;分泌腔体积较小、嵌入海绵组织的部分不多。形成这种差异与这两种植物的生长特性和对其生长环境的适应性有关。

In this study, paraffin section method was used to observe the anatomy of the leaves of Callistemon rigidus and C. viminalis. The aim was to make better use of both plants. Results showed the fol-lowing: the leaves of both plants were isobilateral leaf, and had palisade tissue and spongy tissue;leaf veins were divided into four levels;the main vein was the open vascular bundle;the vascular bundle sheath of the third and fourth levels was obvious;they had schizogenous secretory cavity. The formation process of secretory cavity has experienced three stages: protocell stage, secretory cavity formation stage and secretory cavity maturation stage. The cuticle of C. rigidus was more developed. There were abundant sclerenchyma cells around the vascular bundle of main vein and secondary vein. There was a layer of sheath cells outside the secretory cavity, and the secretory cavity had a large volume and had many parts embedded in sponge tissue. The young leaves of C. viminalis had the structure of superficial fur. The volume of secretory cavity was small and the part embedded in sponge tissue was not much. This difference was related to the growth characteristics of the two plants and their adaptation to the growing environment.