植物细胞中叶绿体蛋白质的亚细胞定位方法

Progress on Methods of Subcellular Localization of Chloroplast Protein in Plant Cells

叶绿体是植物光合作用的重要场所。根据不同的功能,叶绿体蛋白分布在叶绿体的不同区域。只有当蛋白质运输到特定的位置时,才能发挥其功能并参与细胞的生命活动。因此,确定蛋白质在细胞中的位置对于理解蛋白质的功能和结构是重要的。近年来,在植物蛋白质定位研究中,常用生物信息学预测法辅助实验方法,增加蛋白质定位的研究的准确性。本文对近几年来常用的叶绿体蛋白质定位研究的预测方法以及实验方法的主要进展进行综述,为高效进行叶绿体蛋白亚细胞定位方法提供参考。

Chloroplast plays an important role in photosynthesis. Chloroplast proteins distribute in different structures in chloroplast according to their various functions. Proteins could be effective and take part in cell activities only after they are transported to special loci. Therefore, it is necessary to know the subcellular localization of chloroplast protein to understand the relationship between chloroplast structure and function. Recently, in the research of plant protein localization, some experimental methods assisted by bioinformatic prediction were used to increase the accuracy of protein localization analysis. Basic theory and main steps of these two methods were summarized in this paper in order to provide an effective method for chloroplast protein subcellular localization research.