中国现有温室气体减排的政策措施与气候立法

The Current Policy Measures of Greenhouse Gases Emission Reduction and Climate Change Legislation in China

中国为应对气候变化制定了一系列的政策措施,这些政策措施奠定了我国温室气体减排的基本政策策略和框架,形成了我国的温室气体减排政策体系。在中国现行的政策体系和实践中,已经形成了许多在减排温室气体方面的成功制度,这些制度,需要在法律中进行修正、确认和固化,以充分发挥其功能。但是现行政策也存在一些缺陷和不足,需要加以改进,一些重要制度如碳税和碳排放权交易制度,气候环评制度,温室气体排放监测、报告和核准制度等需要立法加以推动。

China has already made many policies and measures in order to combat climate change. These policies have formed the foundation of basic strategies, framework and policy system of China’s greenhouse gases emission reduction. In the practice of current policy system, China has already formed many successful systems, among which some need to be revised, recognized or fixed in legislation, in order to play their functions fully. But there still exist some defects in current policy. Therefore the policy innovation is necessary. Some systems should be fixed by legislation, such as car- bon taxation and cap and trade, climate impact assessment, monitoring reporting and verification of GHGs emission, etc.