不同地区农牧民气候变化感知与适应行为差异分析

Analysis of Differences in Climate Change Perception and Adaptation of Farmers and Herdsmen in Different Regions

本研究通过问卷调查山南市不同地区农牧民对气候变化的感知及适应行为,分析不同区域农牧民气候变化感知与适应行为的差异。结果表明:1) 山南市不同农区的农牧民普遍感知到夏季温度升高,认为夏季增温比较明显,特别是浪卡子县海拔较高,农牧民对温度的变化非常敏感。但感知到冬季变冷的农牧民几乎没有。总体来说认为气候变干的农牧民稍微多一点且差异不大,这与山南市年降水量变化不规律,有的年份多,有的年份少的实际情况符合。2) 山南市不同区域的农牧民采取适应气候变化的有针对性的措施的比例并不高,山南不同区域的农牧民绝大部分都选择与他人合作来抵抗气候变化,并未针对具体的气候变化采取相应的措施,所以选择地膜覆盖和更换抗旱品种等方式的农牧民并不多。3) 政府建立还应建立健全防灾减灾体系,提前预警并根据不同区域的气候环境等实际制定相宜的适应计划,从而有效利用气候变化带来的潜在利益,减少气候变化带来的损失。

This study investigates the perception and adaptation of climate change by farmers and herdsmen in different regions of Shannan city through questionnaires, and analyzes the differences of climate change perception and adaptation in different regions. The results show that: 1) The farmers and herdsmen in different agricultural areas of Shannan city generally perceive the increase of summer temperature and consider the increase of summer temperature is more obvious, especially the higher elevation of Longkazi county;the farmers and herdsmen are very sensitive to the change of temperature. But there are few farmers or herders who sense a cold winter. Generally speaking, farmers and herdsmen with dry climate are slightly more and have little difference, which is not consistent with the fact that annual precipitation changes irregularly in Shannan city, some years are more, and some years are less. 2) The farmers and herdsmen in different areas of the south city to take targeted measures to adapt to climate change is not high, the proportion of the farmers and herdsmen in different areas of the south most choose to cooperate with others to fight climate change, climate change is not for specific corresponding measures, so choose plastic mulching and changing the way such as drought resistance varieties of farmers and herdsmen. 3) The government should also establish and improve the disaster prevention and mitigation system, give early warning and formulate appropriate adaptation plans according to the actual conditions of different regions, so as to effectively utilize the potential benefits of climate change and reduce the losses caused by climate change.