石河子地区南部山区气候特征分析

Analysis of Climate Characteristics of the Southern Mountainous Area in Shihezi Region

分析2009~2021年石河子南部山区10站气温、降水及风向风速气候特征发现,年平均气温自北向南逐次降低,7月气温最高,1月气温最低。整体表现为冬暖夏凉的气候特征,且夏季凉爽效果更为显著,适宜避暑降温。开春期在3月中旬,终霜期3月底至4月上中旬,变化趋势一致,且由北向南逐渐推迟;初霜期在10月中下旬,入冬期11月上中旬,且初霜期变幅较大,入冬期变幅小。日最大降水量易出现在5月,5~10月平均降水量、日最大降水量和小时最大降水量由北向南呈现增多趋势。历年最大风速主要出现在春夏季,以7月为多,偏西风为主。

This paper analyzes the climate characteristics of temperature, precipitation, wind direction and speed at 10 stations in the southern mountainous area of Shihezi from 2009 to 2021. Results show that the annual average temperature decreased gradually from north to south, with the highest temperature in July and the lowest temperature in January. The overall climate characteristics are warm in winter and cool in summer, and the pleasantly cool climate is more significant in summer, which is suitable for summer resort planning. Spring starts from the middle of March, and the last frost period is from the end of March to the middle of April. The trend is consistent, and it is gradually delayed from north to south. The first frost period is in mid-to-late October, the winter period is in early-to-mid November, and the variation amplitude of the first frost period is large, and the amplitude of the winter period is small. The daily maximum precipitation tends to occur in May, and the average precipitation, daily maximum precipitation and hourly maximum precipitation from May to October show an increase trend from north to south. The maximum wind speed over the study years mainly occurs in spring and summer, especially in July, and the westerly wind predominates.