新时代基础教育改革中顶层设计与课程创新

Top-Level Design and Curriculum Innovation in the Reform of Basic Education in the New Era

着眼于我国中小学教育现状,研讨基础教育中存在的问题和改革措施。以国外课程改革的发展历程为参照,阐述顶层设计在教学资源体系建设中的作用。本文提出以创新课程建设为引领,以顶层设计为抓手,促进目前高度分立教育科目间跨越式整合和相互交融,完善德智体美劳全面发展教育课程体系建设。面向现代家庭需求和科技高度发达的现代社会,调整现有课程设置和教学内容,同时增设“人与社会”和“通用技术”课程,将人本教育和服务社会的教学方针落实到实处,强化学生生活、学习和交流等方面素质与能力培养。设立不同年龄段手工学习间并制定教育标准,有效夯实动手能力培训机制。通过出台相应法律、法规和开展法制化管理,努力消除现代科技产品和资讯泛滥对青少年成长造成的不良影响。

Starting from the present situation of primary and secondary education in China, this paper dis-cussed the problems in basic education and the corresponding reform measures. By referring to the examples for curriculum reform in foreign countries, the role of top-level design in the reform of teaching resource systems was analyzed. It was proposed that by taking innovative curriculum construction as the guidance and top-level design as the driving force, the leapfrog integration and blending among the present highly-separated educational subjects should be promoted, so as to improve the educational curriculum systems for moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic devel-opment of the youngsters in an all-round way. In light of the humanistic education and the so-cial-oriented teaching policy, the courses of “Human and Living in the Society” and “General Tech-nology” should be initiated at the same time, enabling young students to systematically build up the basic knowledge and skills for maintaining healthy growth, developing good lifestyle and fulfilling effective integration into the community. By setting up the manual-learning workshops for a variety of age groups and establishing the associated educational standards, the manipulative ability training mechanism can then be strengthened. It was also suggested that, by introducing the relevant laws, regulations and making the subsequent legalized management, efforts should be made to eliminate the negative impact of the proliferation of modern technology products and information on the growth of adolescents.