中国教育代际流动性研究——基于中国家庭跟踪调查数据(CFPS)的分析

Intergenerational Mobility of Education in China—Based on China Family Panel Studies (CFPS)

对于正在飞速发展的中国来说,教育的话题已经成为了社会关注的热点,而教育的代际流动性和公平性对于社会的发展和社会形态的形成有着深远的影响。本文采用中国家庭追踪调查2018年数据库,基于城乡、性别等维度专注研究近年来教育代际流动的特点与变迁,分别探讨中国教育代际流动和性别、城乡分布及政策的变化趋势。研究得出,义务教育的政策未能显著改善教育代际流动性但是显著帮助了子代教育层次超过父代,而地区的影响对子代教育的影响和父代教育类似,男性受到家庭教育层次的约束小于女性。研究结果启迪我们通过外部方法提高教育流动性的必要性和可行性。

For the rapidly developing China, education has become a hot spot of social concern as the interge-nerational mobility and fairness of education have a profound impact on the development of society and the formation of social patterns. This paper uses the China Family Panel Studies 2018 database to research the characteristics and changes of education intergenerational mobility in recent years based on the dimensions of urban and rural areas, gender, etc. The study concluded that the policy of compulsory educational administration failed to significantly improve the intergenerational mobility of education but significantly helped the children’s education level surpass that of the par-ent. The influence of the region on the children’s education is similar to that of the parent’s education. The restraint for male is less than female. The research shows the necessity and feasibility of improving educational mobility through external methods.