祖先崇拜视角下大理白族中元节的人类学解读

Anthropological Interpretation of the Dali Bai Nationality’s Mid Yuan Festival from the Perspective of Ancestor Worship

在我国祖先崇拜是各个民族的一种信仰方式,同样也是宗族互动的精神支柱之一。中元节则是祖先崇拜的重要体现之一。中元节又被称为“鬼节”或者“七月半”,它是人们用来缅怀先人的节日。位于祖国西南边陲世代居住在苍山脚下洱海边的白族人有着十分浓厚的祖先崇拜信仰,祖先崇拜的形式可以在白族人的日常节日与仪式中体现,其中最为显著的体现就是一年一度的中元节。白族的中元节相对其它民族有着自己独有的特征以及仪式,它的存在在白族社会和文化生活中起着十分重要的功能。

In China, ancestor worship is a way of belief for all ethnic groups, as well as one of the spiritual pillars of clan interaction. The Mid Yuan Festival is one of the important manifestations of ancestor worship. Also known as “Ghost Festival” or “Half of July”, the Mid Yuan Festival is a festi-val for people to remember their ancestors. The Bai people, who have lived at the foot of Cangshan Mountain and Erhai Sea for generations in the southwest border of the motherland, have a strong belief in ancestor worship. The form of ancestor worship can be reflected in the daily festivals and ceremonies of the Bai people, the most significant embodiment of which is the annual Zhongyuan Festival. Compared with other nationalities, the Bai people’s Mid Yuan Festival has its own unique characteristics and rituals, and its existence plays a very important role in the Bai people’s social and cultural life.