唐代昭武九姓的“宗教汉化”历程

The “Religious Sinicization” Process of the Nine Surname of Zhaowu in the Tang Dynasty

昭武九姓主要指世居于中亚地区的粟特人,其在丝绸之路中具有广泛的影响力,在本文中则指内迁入中原、主动寻求融入的东迁粟特人。本文通过相关文献和出土墓志铭等资料探讨了唐代粟特人昭武九姓通过宗教信仰所表现出来的汉化过程。这一汉化过程不仅仅是在中央王朝强制政策和律令下的结果,也是粟特人为了谋求政治权力、族群利益而主动地向中原信仰靠拢,从而使得自身信仰不断泯灭、最终正式融入汉民族中的结果。同时,这种宗教上的转化表示的不仅仅是粟特人汉化的过程,也表明了祆教、景教信仰的最终衰落不仅仅应被归咎于其与政权的绑定,这其中也有着深深的民族融入背景的缘由。

The Nine Surname of Zhaowu mainly refers to the Sogdians living in Central Asia, who had a wide influence on the Silk Road, and in this article, it refers to the Sogdians who migrated into the Central Plains and actively sought integration. Through relevant documents and excavated epitaphs, this paper explores the process of sinicization of the surname Zhaowu Jiu of the Sogdians of the Tang Dynasty through religious beliefs. This process of sinicization was not only the result of the coercive policies and decrees of the Central Dynasty, but also the result of the Sog-dians actively moving closer to the Central Plains faith in order to seek political power and ethnic interests, so that their own beliefs were constantly extinguished and finally formally integrated into the Han nation. At the same time, this religious transformation not only represents the process of sinicization of the Sogdians, but also shows that the ultimate decline of Zoroastrian and Nestorian beliefs is not only due to their binding to the regime, but also has a deep national integration back-ground.