基于生物力学的驾驶舱坐姿舒适性评价

Sitting Comfort Evaluation of the Cockpit Based on Biomechanics

本文从生物力学角度对飞机驾驶舱坐姿舒适性的评价进行了研究。首先根据飞行员的生理数据进行人体建模,在生物力学仿真软件Anybody中建立“飞行员-座椅”耦合模型,选取肌肉活动、关节扭矩两个评价指标,分别改变座椅高度和椅背倾角,提取仿真数据进行插值处理后得到双变量三维曲面图,从而分析座椅高度和椅背倾角对飞行员主要肌肉活动和关节扭矩的影响。选取肌肉活动的均值、方差和差值平方和这三个参数对坐姿舒适性进行评价,为驾驶舱各设备的总体布局和座椅的几何参数设计提供指导。

In this paper, the sitting comfort evaluation of the cockpit is studied based on biomechanics. Firstly, we establish “pilot seat” model in the biomechanical simulation software Anybody according to the physiological data of pilot and choose two main indexes: the muscle activity and joint torque. We change the seat height and the back angle respectively and the simulation data are obtained after the treatment of double variable 3-D surface chart. We analyze the influence of seat height and back angle changes by the major muscle activity and joint torque of the pilot. The mean value, variance and the square of the muscle activity are selected to evaluate the sitting comfort, providing the guidance for the overall layout of the cockpit and the geometric parameters design for the seat.