浅析公共承运人在我国海商法框架下存在的必要性

Analysis on the Necessity of Public Carriers under the Framework of China’s Maritime Law

在瀛海诉马士基一案中,存在马士基公司是否属于公共承运人的争议焦点,并由此引出多种对于公共承运人制度的探讨。Common carrier是普通法系中一项复杂的概念,在不同的国家、时期均具有不同的含义,我国海商法框架中现存的“公共承运人”这一表述,与其本意并不完全一致。鉴于公共承运人产生的特殊背景,其所承担的职责已经被反垄断法及海商法所取代,我国海商法框架下的公共承运人制度也应逐步淡化。

In the case of Yinghai v. Maersk,there is a controversial focus on whether Maersk belongs to the common carrier,which leads to a variety of discussions on the common carrier system. Commoncarrier is a complex concept in the common law system, which has differentmeanings in different countries and periods. The existing expression of “commoncarrier” in the framework of China’s maritime law is not completely consistentwith its original intention. In view of the special background of the emergenceof common carrier, its responsibilities have been replaced by anti-monopoly lawand maritime law, and the common carrier system under the framework of maritimelaw should be gradually weakened.