海洋噪音污染的国际法规制与完善

International Legal Regulation and Perfection of Marine Noise Pollution

当前,国际社会越来越认识到噪音已经成为一种海洋污染形式,对海洋生物尤其是海洋哺乳动物会产生不利影响。而法律的滞后性导致现有国际法无法有效规制这一新兴问题,因此有必要完善海洋噪音污染的国际法规则。本文梳理了现有规制海洋噪音污染的主要国际法律文件,分析这些法律文件对噪音的规范缺失,并结合相关研究成果提出立法的完善建议,分别从促进专门性立法、制定管控标准、明确监管和责任机制、限制例外情形、加强国际合作和促进科技进步等角度展开分析。

At present, the internationalcommunity is increasingly aware that noise has become a form of marinepollution, which has a negative impact on marine life, especially marinemammals. The lag of the law makes international law unable to effectivelyregulate this emerging problem, so it is necessary to improve the internationallaw rules of marine noise pollution. This paper sorts out the maininternational legal documents that regulate marine noise pollution, analyzesthe lack of regulation of noise in these legal documents, and puts forwardsuggestions for improving legislation based on relevant research results. Theanalysis is carried out from the perspectives of promoting specializedlegislation, formulating management and control standards, clarifyingsupervision and responsibility mechanisms, limiting exceptions, strengtheninginternational cooperation, and promoting scientific and technological progress.