国际商事仲裁临时措施之紧急仲裁员制度研究

A Study on the Emergency Arbitrator System of Provisional Measures in International Commercial Arbitration

在国际仲裁中,临时措施和保全措施发挥着重要的作用。两者作为救济当事方的重要措施,其目的是保全证据、保护资产和维持待决裁决的现状。但在仲裁程序中以及执行仲裁裁决过程中,仲裁双方可能对指定仲裁员或者其他方面的事项存在大量分歧,争议不能快速解决,导致资产或证据很容易就会消失,如果获胜方没有在正确的时间获得必要的解决措施,他可能只会得到得不偿失的胜利。近年来,不同的仲裁机构旨在通过提供迅速和有效的准予紧急救济的机制,满足市场对商事仲裁的愿望,因此,国际上的主要仲裁机构适应时代发展创设了紧急仲裁员制度。然而,紧急仲裁员制度的有效性却成为一个争议话题。众多学者关注《纽约公约》下的紧急救济的可执行性以及紧急仲裁员和国内法院在授予临时措施的并行管辖权的风险。

Interim measures and preservationmeasures play an important role in international arbitration. Both serve as ameasure of relief to the parties and are intended to preserve evidence, protectassets and maintain the status quo of pending awards. But in the arbitrationprocedure and execute in the process of the arbitration, the arbitration bothparties may appoint arbitrators or other items;there are many differences indispute cannot fast;result in assets or evidence is easy to disappear;if thewinner didn’t at the right time to obtain the necessary measures, he may onlyget a pyrrhic victory. In recent years, different arbitration organizations aimto meet the market’s desire for commercial arbitration by providing a rapid andeffective mechanism for granting emergency relief. Therefore, the maininternational arbitration organizations have established the emergencyarbitrator system to adapt to the development of The Times. However, theeffectiveness of the emergency arbitrator system has become a controversialtopic. Many scholars have concerned themselves with the enforceability ofemergency relief under the New York Convention and the risk of concurrentjurisdiction of emergency arbitrators and domestic courts in granting interimmeasures.