论CISG下卖方知识产权担保义务的范围——基于第42条第一款中“权利或要求”的分析

Analysis on the Scope of the Seller’s Intellectual Property Security Obligation under CISG—Based on the “Right or Claim” in Article 42.1

CISG第42条规定了卖方应当承担的知识产权担保义务,在该条的第一款中,第三方主张的“权利或要求”是界定担保义务范围的关键。然而在实践中,“权利”含义清晰,但对“要求”的理解尚存争议。本文认可第三人的“要求”不能完全缺乏法律依据,但也无需具备确定的法律正当性,唯此才能平衡买卖双方在CISG下的权利义务相适,也顺应诚信原则的要求。相较于其他合同法,CISG在知识产权担保义务上更有利于卖方,因此中国企业在进行出口贸易合同谈判时,可考虑选择CISG作为准据法。

The seller’s intellectual property security obligation is addressed in CISG article 42. The term “right or claim” in the first section of article 42 claimed by the third party is the key to de-fine the scope of the security obligation. In practice, although the meaning of the term “right” is clear, the meaning of the term “claim” is still controversial. It is acknowledged that the third party’s “claim” should not be completely lack of legal basis, but it does not necessarily have absolute legal legitimacy. Only then can a claim be submitted for the purpose of balancing the rights and obliga-tions of both parties under CISG in accordance with the principle of good faith. Besides, compared with other contract laws, CISG favors the seller in respect of intellectual property security obligation. Therefore, Chinese enterprises may consider choosing CISG as the governing law when negotiating export trade contracts.