关于胎儿利益保护范围的探讨——合理的扩大解释

A Discussion on the Scope of Protection of Fetal Interests—Reasonable Expansion of Interpretation

胎儿是依托母体而生的特殊存在状态,有关他的状态与自然人的状态紧密联系,各国都在不同程度上通过立法对胎儿权利给予了相关保护,但关于胎儿保护范围应当扩大还是缩小,学术界还存在不同见解。目前我国关于胎儿利益还停留在《民法典》第16条的相关规定上,而司法实践中却缺少审判依据。本文主要通过分析典型案例,从损害赔偿和征地补偿两方面,对扩大学说给予合理解释,进而为完善胎儿利益保护提出合理建议。

The fetus is a special state of existence dependent on the mother, and its state is closely related to that of a natural person, and all countries have adopt-ed legislation to protect the rights of the fetus to varying degrees, but there are different opinions on whether the scope of fetal protection should be expanded or narrowed. At present, China’s in-terest in the fetus is still limited to the relevant provisions of Article 10.6 of the Civil Code 20 in ju-dicial practice, however, there is no basis for trial. This article mainly analyzes typical cases and gives reasonable explanations for the expanded doctrine in terms of damages and compensation for land acquisition, and then proposes reasonable suggestions for improving the protection of fetal in-terests.