欧盟国家援助制度对非商业援助制度的借鉴价值探究

Study on the Reference Value of EU State Aid System to Non-Commercial Aid System

欧盟国家援助制度和非商业援助制度均是重要的反补贴制度。从构成要件上看,两者具有一定的相似性,均涉及可归因于国家、利益、选择性、影响竞争或贸易。同时,以理论和实践为视角,国家援助制度更具有优越性。截至目前,非商业援助制度仍未产生相关案例,实施状况存在不确定性。因此,借鉴国家援助制度,引入普遍经济利益服务补偿规则,可以完善非商业援助制度,更好地实现国有企业的公共服务属性和市场竞争利益之间的平衡。

Both EU state aid system and non-commercial aid system are important countervailing systems. They have certain similarities in the constitutive elements, including being attributed to countries, interests, selectivity, and impact on competition or trade. At the same time, from the perspective of theory and practice, the state aid system has more advantages. Up to now, the non-commercial aid system has not produced relevant cases, and the implementation status is uncertain. Therefore, by referring to the state aid system and introducing the compensation for services of general economic interest, the non-commercial aid system can be improved and the balance between the public service attribute of state-owned enterprises and the interests of market competition can be better realized.