数据处理用工关系中的雇主责任体系建构

Construction of Employer Responsibility System in Data Processing Employment Relationship

数据处理用工关系是推进数据市场化进程中发挥重大价值的关键因素,如何处理数据用工关系中纷繁复杂的法律关系也显得尤为重要。在大信息时代下,因为个人信息获取的便捷性和信息使用的高度集合性,加之海量存储和光速传播的特性,使得公民对个人信息失去作为传统物权的绝对性支配权的权属保护,这也是本文研究的缘起。基于数据自身的特殊属性,使得作为用工单位的数据处理者应该负担更为严苛责任非难。本文在体例上以劳动关系和劳务关系两种不同的法律类型为展开,分析数据处理者在对外关系和内部责任中的不同责任范围,即在对外关系中适用无过错替代责任和过错推定责任,在内部责任中适用追偿机制。劳动关系中主要侧重于对数据处理者的过错责任加以解释,劳务关系中主要侧重于对内部追偿机制的法律规范构建。

Data processing labor rela-tionship is the key factor to promote the great value in the process of data marketization, and how to deal with the complex legal relationship in the data labor relationship is particularly important. In the big information age, due to the convenience of obtaining personal information, the high collection of information use, the huge amount of data storage and the speed of propagating light, the above characteristics make citizens lose the ownership protection of the personal information as the control of the traditional absolute property right, which is also the origin of this paper. Based on the special attributes of the data itself, the employer should bear more stringent responsibilities. This paper is divided into two different legal types: labor relationship and labor relationship. It an-alyzes the different responsibilities of data processors in the external relationship and internal responsibility, that is, the no-fault substitution liability and fault presumption liability are applied in the external relationship, and the recovery mechanism is applied in the internal responsibility. In the labor relationship, it mainly focuses on the analysis of the fault liability of the data processor. In the labor relationship, we focus on the legal norms of internal recovery mechanism.