农村集体经济组织法人内部治理的困境及完善

Predicament and Perfection of Internal Governance of Rural Collective Economic Organizations as Legal Persons

农村集体经济组织是作为农村集体经济资产管理的主体,在推动农村生产力、促进农民收入和调节村民和集体利益冲突方面做出了巨大贡献。内部治理则是农村集体经济组织的重要环节,本文首先概括农村集体经济组织的类型及内部治理模式,进而分析农村集体经济组织法人内部治理存在主体制度的规定缺失、法人章程的制定空泛和成员身份认定模糊的制度困境,提出完善农村集体经济组织的主体制度、完备农村集体经济组织的法人章程和明确农村集体经济组织的成员身份的建议。针对农村集体经济组织法人内部治理存在民主决策的机制不完善、集体资产股份制的规定不明晰和监督机制的实效性不彰的实践困境,提出构建完善的农村集体经济组织民主决策机制、推进农村集体经济组织的集体资产股份制改革以及健全农村集体经济组织的监督机制的建议。

As the main body of rural collective economic assets management, rural collective economic organizations have made great contributions to promoting rural productivity, promoting farmers’ income and regulating conflicts of interests between villagers and collectives. Internal governance is an important part of rural collective economic organizations. This paper first summarizes the types and internal governance modes of rural collective economic organizations, and then analyzes the institutional dilemma of the internal governance of rural collective economic organizations, such as the lack of the provisions of the main body system, the vague formulation of the articles of association of legal persons and the vague identification of membership, and puts forward some suggestions on perfecting the main body system of rural collective economic organizations, perfecting the articles of association of rural collective economic organizations and clarifying the membership of rural collective economic organizations. In view of the practical difficulties in the internal governance of rural collective economic organizations, such as imperfect democratic decision-making mechanism, unclear provisions of collective assets shareholding system and ineffective supervision mechanism, this paper puts forward some suggestions on building a perfect democratic decision-making mechanism of rural collective economic organizations, promoting the reform of collective assets shareholding system of rural collective economic organizations and improving the supervision mechanism of rural collective economic organizations.