个人信息检察民事公益诉讼的优势和优化

The Advantages and Optimization of Personal Information Protection Procuratorial Civil Public Interest Litigation

《个人信息保护法》规定将个人信息权益纳入公益诉讼保护范围。个人信息侵权行为呈现出与传统领域公益侵权截然不同的高流动性和扩散性特征,对其公益保护方式提出了更高的要求。相比刑事诉讼、检察建议和社会组织公益诉讼等保护方式,检察民事公益诉讼的因民事性质、诉讼性质和起诉主体的公权性质更具保护范围广、调查举证能力和判决执行力强等优势,与个人信息保护更具适配性。在个人信息保护检察公益诉讼的立法和实践摸索中,当着重克服限制其发挥公益保护作用的短板,拓宽案件发现途径、提升检察民事公益诉讼独立性和落实检察机关调查核实权。

The PIPL provides that the rights and interests of personal information are included in the scope of protection for public interest litigation. Personal information infringement presents high mobility and diffusion characteristics that are completely different from public interest infringement in the traditional field, and puts forward higher requirements for its public interest protection methods. Compared with protection methods such as criminal proceedings, procuratorial suggestions, and public interest litigation by social organizations, procuratorial civil public interest litigation has the advantages of wider scope of protection, strong ability to investigate and present evidence, and strong ability to enforce judgments due to the civil nature, nature of litigation, and nature of the public power of the subject of the prosecution, and is more compatible with the protection of personal information. In the legislative and practical exploration of personal information protection procuratorial public interest litigation, emphasis should be placed on overcoming the shortcomings that limit its role in public interest protection, broadening the channels for case discovery, enhancing the independence of procuratorial civil public interest litigation, and implementing the procuratorial organs’ right of investigation and verification.