司法解释制度的合宪性证成

Justification of the Constitutionality of the Judicial Interpretation System

司法解释制度一直面临违宪指责,但是这种评价并不完整,因司法解释制度仅形式违宪,而实质合宪,且后者更具评价力。形式违宪仅看到司法解释制度违反人民公共意志最后一次制宪形成的文本,却忽略了人民的多重面向,没有考虑宪法历史要求、工具性质和改革性格,导致司法解释合宪性评价的偏颇。司法解释制度于我国属历史的、工具的、民主的制度,在起源、目的与程序上均具有实质合宪性。

The system of judicial interpretation has been facing accusations of unconstitu-tionality, but this evaluation is incomplete because the system of judicial interpretation is only for-mally unconstitutional, while it is substantively constitutional, and the latter has more evaluative power. Formal unconstitutionality only sees that the judicial interpretation system violates the last constitutionally formed text of the public will of the people, but ignores the multiple orientations of the people and fails to consider the historical requirements of the constitution, the instrumental nature and the reform character, leading to a biased evaluation of the constitutionality of judicial interpretation. The judicial interpretation system is a historical, instrumental, and democratic system in China, and has substantial constitutionality in terms of origin, purpose, and procedure.