刑法中的累积因果关系研究

Research on Cumulative Causal Relationship in Criminal Law

多个过失行为共同造成严重危害结果,单个过失行为不能构成犯罪,正是存在多个因果流程结合在一起的因果关系类型中,必须通过狭义累积因果关系进行研究、分析。累积因果关系不同于超越的因果关系、二重的因果关系、假定的因果关系等,其构成内容为多个独立的、不可分割的因果流程。过失犯罪中的共同犯罪问题必须以紧密型累积因果关系为基底,通过整体视角,即“整体的个体独立性”与“个体的整体联结性”对该问题进行分步骤判断。其中判断共同犯罪之“共同联结”必须以累积因果关系、行为间的互助性、犯意间的合意性、结果上的同一性为标准。

Multiple negligent behaviors jointly cause serious harm, and a single negligent behavior cannot constitute a crime. It is precisely in the type of causal relationship where multiple causal processes are combined that research must be conducted through narrow cumulative causal relationships. Cumulative causal relationships are different from transcendent causal relationships, dual causal relationships, hypothetical causal relationships, etc. They consist of multiple independent and indivisible causal processes. The issue of joint crime in negligent crime must be based on a close cumulative causal relationship, and the problem must be judged step by step through a holistic perspective, namely “overall individual independence” and “overall individual connectivity”. The criterion for determining the “joint connection” of joint crimes must be based on cumulative causal relationship, mutual assistance between behaviors, agreement between criminal intentions, and identity in results.