消极确认之诉中诉的利益研究

A Study of the Interests of the Suit in a Negative Confirmation Claim

消极确认之诉在司法案例中大量出现,但因为我国现行立法未对其进行明确具体的规定,大量的案件因缺乏实体法依据被法院拒之门外。虽然消极确认之诉的判决结果不具备强制执行的效力,当事人需要另行起诉来实现实体权利,但是在确认权力的归属、预防纠纷等方面,消极确认之诉依旧具有十分重大的意义。从保障当事人诉权以及节约司法资源的角度来看,需要严格规定消极确认之诉的诉的利益,有选择地将各种纠纷纳入司法救济的范围。

Negative confirmation lawsuits have arisen in a large number of judicial cases, but because of China’s current legislation does not provide clear and specific provisions, a large number of cases due to the lack of substantive law basis by the court rejected. Although the results of the negative confirmation of the judgement does not have the effect of enforcement, the parties need to be sued separately to achieve the substantive rights, but in the confirmation of the attribution of power, prevention of disputes, etc., negative confirmation of the lawsuit still has great significance. From the point of view of safeguarding the parties’ right of action and saving judicial resources, it is necessary to strictly stipulate the interests of the action of negative confirmation, and selectively include various disputes into the scope of judicial relief.