个人信息行政公益诉讼研究

Research on Administrative Public Interest Litigation of Personal Information

数字时代,个人信息的社会价值被挖掘,个人信息处理者包括政府机关和企业,面对数字时代个人信息侵权的特点,“私益救济”难以维护公益,“公法保护”保护不力。在这样的背景下,《个人信息保护法》引入了公益诉讼介入个人信息保护环节,但现行立法主要立足于防止企业等私主体滥用个人信息的民事公益诉讼。而政府机关作为大型数据处理者之一,在行政过程中也可能侵害到个人信息,因此有必要引进行政公益诉讼来弥补其中缺漏。从理论上看,个人信息存在有其社会利益属性,需要行政法的保护,而现行《行政诉讼法》也为个人信息保护的行政公益诉讼留下了理论余地。

In the digital era, the social value of personal information has been excavated, personal information processors include government organs and enterprises. In this context, the “Law on the Protection of Personal Information” introduces public interest litigation into the protection of personal information, but the current legislation is mainly based on preventing enterprises and other private subjects from misusing personal information in civil public interest litigation. Government, as the biggest data processor, may infringe on personal information in the administrative process, so it is necessary to introduce administrative public interest litigation to make up for the omission. Theoretically, personal information has its social interest attribute and needs the protection of administrative law. But the current “Administrative Procedure Law” also leaves a theoretical leeway for personal information protection.