国际法框架下的中国北极政策研究

China’s Arctic Policy Research under the Framework of International Law

近年来,北极作为有限资源已逐渐成为各个国家争夺的对象,且全球气温不断升高导致的冰川融化,北极航道的利用开发和北极资源、地理位置的重要性正不断凸显。中国2018年发布了《中国的北极政策》白皮书,这是中国第一部官方层面的关于参与北极事务的政策指导文件。本文论证了《中国的北极政策》白皮书的历史背景、现实依据、中国参与北极事务的国际法依据、以及在国际法框架下参与北极历史进程。国际法在中国北极政策中扮演着至关重要的角色。它不仅为中国在北极地区的活动提供了法律框架和准则,还确保了这些活动与国际社会的普遍原则和规定相一致。国际法为中国北极政策提供了合法性基础,确保中国在北极的科研、资源开发、环境保护等活动均符合国际社会的期望和要求,证明中国参与北极治理的合法性,论证中国参与北极事务具有充分的法律依据。

In recent years, the Arctic, as a limited resource, has gradually become the object of competition for various countries. Moreover, with the melting of glaciers caused by the rising global temperature, the utilization and development of the Arctic shipping route and the importance of Arctic resources and geographical location are becoming increasingly prominent. In 2018, China released a white paper entitled “China’s Arctic Policy”, which is China’s first official policy guidance document on participation in Arctic affairs. This paper demonstrates the historical background, practical basis of the white paper on China’s Arctic Policy, the international law basis for China’s participation in Arctic affairs, and its participation in the historical process of the Arctic under the framework of international law. International law plays a crucial role in China’s Arctic policy. It not only provides a legal framework and guidelines for China’s activities in the Arctic region, but also ensures that these activities are consistent with the universal principles and provisions of the international community. International law provides a legal basis for China's Arctic policy, ensures that China’s scientific research, resource development and environmental protection activities in the Arctic meet the expectations and requirements of the international community, proves the legitimacy of China’s participation in Arctic governance, and demonstrates the sufficient legal basis for China’s participation in Arctic affairs.