论家庭暴力中正当防卫行为的司法认定

On the Judicial Determination of Justifiable Self-Defense in Domestic Violence

家庭暴力危害家庭和谐与社会稳定。在家庭暴力中适用正当防卫,是刑法保护法益、保障人权立法精神的应然之义。但在司法实践中,家庭暴力所具有的不同于一般社会故意犯罪的特殊性,使得正当防卫在司法认定上存在一定的困难,从而造成受虐妇女儿童的二次伤害。因此,需要尽快结合具体实践,解决目前家庭暴力中正当防卫的司法认定障碍。具体而言应当适当放缓正当防卫时间条件、合理放宽正当防卫限度条件以及积极完善家庭暴力证据的获取,同时在司法实践中借鉴“受虐妇女综合征”理论进行正当防卫行为认定,为家庭暴力正当防卫的适用提供更详尽的法律支撑与保障。

Domestic violence jeopardizes family harmony and social stability. The application of self-defense in domestic violence is a natural part of the spirit of criminal law legislation to protect legal interests and safeguard human rights. However, in judicial practice, domestic violence is different from the general social intentional crimes of the specificity, so that there are certain difficulties in judicial determination of self-defense, resulting in secondary injuries to abused women and children. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the specific practice as soon as possible, to solve the current obstacles to the judicial determination of self-defense in domestic violence. Specifically, it should appropriately slow down the time conditions of self-defense, reasonably relax the limits of self- defense conditions and actively improve the acquisition of evidence of domestic violence, at the same time in judicial practice, drawing on the theory of “battered women’s syndrome” for self- defense, to provide more detailed legal support and guarantee for the application of self-defense of domestic violence.