国际投资协定中投资者责任强化研究

Study on Strengthening Investor Responsibility in International Investment Agreements

传统和现行的国际投资协定十分强调投资者保护,让东道国单方面承担义务而忽略了投资者对等的责任问题。具体而言,存在投资者滥用权利、东道国追责被动化及企业社会责任条款任意化的问题。在国际投资协定实体规则方面,应进一步加强投资者义务法定化,守好合理承担责任的边界。在投资者–国家间争端解决规则方面,应着重赋予东道国提请仲裁资格、提高投资者启动仲裁门槛及重视理性投资者裁量标准,从而避免投资者和东道国的利益对立化,实现二者之间的责任平衡。Traditional and current international investment agreements place great emphasis on investor protection, placing unilateral obligations on host countries while ignoring the issue of reciprocal investor liability. Specifically, there are problems of abuse of rights by investors, passive accountability of host countries and arbitrary corporate social responsibility clauses. In terms of the substantive rules of international investment agreements, the legalization of investor obligations should be further strengthened, and the boundary of reasonable liability should be maintained. In terms of Investor-State dispute settlement rules, emphasis should be placed on granting the host state the right to submit arbitration, raising the threshold for investors to initiate arbitration and attaching importance to the rational investor discretion standard, so as avoid the antagonism of the interests of investors and the host countries and achieve a balance of responsibilities between the two.